Species Descriptions

Ipomoea spathulata

Acknowledgements:

This species page was produced as part of the project ‘Expanding the scope of African Digital Plant Resources’ funded by the World Collections Programme.

Author:

Javier A. Luna

Contributors:

Distribution Map:

General comments:

In Ethiopia the dead fallen leaves are used to feed cattle and goats. It is also a very important ritual symbol, the leaves represent the sleeping hide of living and dead people and cattle; the hide should be as soft as the Gali leaf. Leaves used in the ritual of calling the rain, the naming ritual, the ritual of bleeding the goat-cattle as bowl, the ritual of rubbing the girl’s Koli-sticks and the Maz ritual after having slept with a women. Seeds are used to represent coffee beans if coffee is not available. A piece of creeper with leaves is used by baling men to represent feathers (Strecker 3 (K)).

In Uganda the leaves are used for a ceremony to ensure the sorghum crop (Hudson 181 (K)).

In Kenya the boiled roots diluted in milk are used as a children's medicine (Meyerhoff 3M (K)).

Common names and uses:

Gali (Ethiopia), Tobi (Somali), Osilli (Boran, Kenya), Amatwoi (Uganda), Talamach (Pokot, Kenya), Gedrin (Som, Kenya).

Distribution:

Kenya, Ethiopia, Somalia.

Ecology:

Acacia-Commiphora woodland, along dry river beds, river valleys, in other areas on red sandy soil, 1000–1850 m.

Editor:

Javier A. Luna, Mark A. Carine, Sebsebe Demissew.

Flowers:

Sepals grey villous; outer sepals oblong-spathulate or elliptic, 10–13(–20) x 2–6(–12) mm, broadest near the apex; the inner sepals linear or lanceolate. Corolla white, cream or pale yellow, purple centre; infundibular, 5–7.5 cm long; mid-petaline areas pilose.

Fruits:

Capsule ovoid, c. 10–22 cm long, glabrous.

Habit:

Suberect shrub, or twining or scrambling shrub, up to 3 m tall. Stems with milky latex densely covered with grey or yellowish pubescence.

Inflorescences:

3–9 flowers in pedunculate branched cymes; peduncles 1–8(–20) mm long; pedicel 2–5 mm long; bracts broadly-ovate to spathulate or orbicular, 10–15(–18) x 4–8(–13) mm, softly grey-pubescent.

Accepted name/Authority/Place of publication:

Ipomoea spathulata Hall f. (1898). Type: Ethiopia, Galla Arussi, Imi to Audo, Riva 1049 (FI, lecto.).

Leaves:

Lamina orbicular, palmately 5 or mostly 7-nerved, 3–15(–23) x 3–16(–25) cm; base cordate; apex obtuse to rounded; glabrous or minutely papillate above; finely adpressed velutinous-pubescent beneath; petiole 1.5–7(–16) cm long.

Phenology:

Number of collections seen: 51

months	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
# flowering specimens	4	2	2	1	6	4	2	6	3	7	4	4
# fruiting specimens	5	2	2		2	4	2	2	3	4	4	5

References:

Demissew, S. 2006. Convolvulaceae. In: Hedberg, I., E. Kelbessa, S. Edwards, S. Demissew and E. Persson (eds.), Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, vol. 5, pp. 227–231. The National Herbarium Addis Ababa University andThe Department of Systematic Botany Uppsala University; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Uppsala, Sweden.

Garcia, M.A., S. Demissew, M. Thulin. 2006. Convovulaceae. In: Thulin, M. (ed.), Flora of Somalia, vol. 3, pp. 227–228. Kew Publishing, Richmond.

Verdcourt, B. 1963. Convolvulaceae. In: Hubbard, C.E. and E. Milne-Redhead (eds.), Flora of Tropical East Africa, pp. 144–145. Crown Agent for Overseas governments and administrations, London.

References:

Demissew, S. 2006. Convolvulaceae. In: Hedberg, I., E. Kelbessa, S. Edwards, S. Demissew and E. Persson (eds.), Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, vol. 5, pp. 227–231. The National Herbarium Addis Ababa University and The Department of Systematic Botany Uppsala University; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Uppsala, Sweden.

Garcia, M.A., S. Demissew, M. Thulin. 2006. Convovulaceae. In: Thulin, M. (ed.), Flora of Somalia, vol. 3, pp. 227–228. Kew Publishing, Richmond.

Verdcourt, B. 1963. Convolvulaceae. In: Hubbard, C.E. and E. Milne-Redhead (eds.), Flora of Tropical East Africa, pp. 144–145. Crown Agent for Overseas governments and administrations, London.

Seeds:

Ovoid, 12–13 x 6–7 mm, densely clothed with patent, pale golden hairs, 10–16 mm long.

Ipomoea rubens

Author:
Staples, G.
Contributors:
Distribution Map:
General comments:

Ipomoea rubens is found throughout Old World tropical freshwater habitats but is nowhere abundant. The biology of this lacustrine species remains enigmatic.

Author:
Staples, G.
Distribution:

Found in tropical Africa (including Madagascar), America, and Asia, always near freshwater bodies; in Asia it is present in Bangladesh, India, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, and the Philippines.

Ecology:

A climber always found near water: twining
up grasses and reeds at the borders of marshes, lakes, ponds, and rice paddies; altitude: 0–10 m.

Editor:
George Staples, Esmond Er
Flowers:
Flower sepals equal, 7–10 mm long, outer 2 elliptic-oblong, acute, inner ones broader, ovate-elliptic, less acute; corolla funnelform, 4–5 cm long, pink with darker centre, midpetaline bands sericeous outside; stamens included, filaments hairy below insertion, glabrous above; pistil included, ovary glabrous.
Fruits:
Capsule globose, c. 12 mm diam., glabrous.
Habit:
Perennial herbaceous twiner, all parts whitish pilose; stems 1–4 m.
Inflorescences:
Inflorescence axillary, subumbellate, 1- to few-flowered; peduncle terete, 2–14 cm long, glabrous in basal portion; pedicels 0.7–1.5 cm.
Accepted name/Authority/Place of publication:

Ipomoea rubens Choisy, Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 6: 463. 1834.

Leaves:
Leaves broadly ovate to circular, 5–15 by 4–12 cm, base broadly cordate, apex acuminate, mucronulate, upper side glabrescent; lateral veins 7–9 per side; petiole slender, 3 –12 cm long.
Phenology:

Flowering: January, October, December; fruiting: December.

References:

Staples, G. 2010. Convolvulaceae. Fl. Thailand 10(3): 330–468.

References:

Staples, G. 2010. Convolvulaceae. Fl. Thailand 10(3): 330–468.

Seeds:
Seeds c. 6 mm long, white villous.
Synonyms:

Pharbitis fragrans Bojer ex Choisy in DC., Prodr. 9: 341. 1845; Kerr, Fl. Siam. 3(2): 12. 1954

Ipomoea fragrans (Bojer) Hallier f., Bot. Jahrb. 18: 153. 1893.

Ipomoea riparia G.Don, Gen. Syst. 4: 265. 1838.

Ipomoea bonii Gagnep., Not. Syst. (Paris) 3: 142. 1915.

Wed, 2011-09-28 01:36 -- Esmond
Ipomoea quamoclit

Author:
Staples, G.
Contributors:
Distribution Map:
Common names and uses:
Khem daeng, khaeng sing, phan sawan, son kang pla, khon sawan, rog pla, kang-pla (Thai).
Author:
Staples, G.
Distribution:

Native in tropical America and now pantropical as a cultivated plant and naturalized weed; surely more common than the few herbarium vouchers document, known to be in China, Thailand, Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia, Australia, Pacific Islands.

Ecology:

Cultivated
ornamental and weedy in disturbed areas, waste ground, beaches; altitude: sea
level to 100 m.

Editor:
George Staples, Esmond Er
Flowers:
Flower sepals oblong to oblong-spathulate, 4–6 mm long, outer ones shorter, warty outside, margins paler, apex obtuse, mucronate below top, mucro 0.75–1 mm long; corolla salverform, blood red (or white), tube 2.5–3.5 cm long, straight, limb spreading, 1.75–2 cm diam., 5-pointed; stamens exserted, filaments hairy at base; pistil exserted, ovary glabrous.
Fruits:
Capsule ovoid-conical, 6–8 mm long, often apiculate with thickened style base; septa persistent, translucent, margins thicker, brownish.
Habit:
Annual herbaceous twiner, glabrous; stems 1–3 m.
Inflorescences:
Inflorescences axillary, cymosely 1 to few-flowered; peduncles 1.5–10–14 cm long; pedicels (0.5–)0.9–2 cm, clavate in fruit; bracts deltoid, minute.
Accepted name/Authority/Place of publication:

Ipomoea quamoclit L., Sp. Pl. 159. 1753.

Leaves:
Leaves ovate or oblong in outline, 2–10 by 1–6 cm, pinnately parted to the midrib, with (8–)10–18 pairs of filiform segments, the lowermost often bifid; petiole 0.8–4 cm long, base often with leafy pseudostipules (tiny leaves from axillary bud).
Phenology:

Flowering: August–November; fruiting: August, November.

References:

Staples, G. 2010. Convolvulaceae. Fl. Thailand 10(3): 330–468.

References:

Staples, G. 2010. Convolvulaceae. Fl. Thailand 10(3): 330–468.

Seeds:
Seeds ovoid-oblong, 5–6 mm, brownish black, marmorate.
Synonyms:

Convolvulus pennatus Desr. in Lam., Encycl. 3: 567. 1792.

Quamoclit pennata (Desr.) Bojer, Hort. Maurit. 224. 1837.

Wed, 2011-09-28 01:30 -- Esmond

Ipomoea pogonantha

Acknowledgements:

This species page was produced as part of the project ‘Expanding the scope of African Digital Plant Resources’ funded by the World Collections Programme.

Author:

Javier A. Luna

Contributors:

Distribution Map:

Common names and uses:

Bar-her-gis (Somalia), Rubissa (Somali).

Author:

Mats Thulin

Distribution:

Kenya, Ethiopia, Somalia.

Ecology:

Acacia-Commiphora and Combretum-Terminalia woodland on red soil over limestone; 280–1800 m.

Editor:

Javier A Luna, Mark A. Carine, Sebsebe Demissew.

Flowers:

Sepals subequal to unequal, broadly elliptic-oblong to suborbicular, (3–)6–12 x (2.5–)4–7.5 mm, apex obtuse to truncate and mucronulate, margin hyaline, glabrous or minutely ciliate. Corolla creamy white to pale yellow, yellow-green or peachy-coloured with purple centre; infundibular or narrowly campanulate (3–)4–6 cm long, tube constricted at the base; glabrous except for densely ciliate margin. Stamens unequal, 3 short, 2 longer; anthers 4–6 mm long; filaments 4–10 mm long, hairy at the base. Style equalling anthers in length; stigmas globular.

Fruits:

Capsule ovoid-rounded, 8–17 mm long, glabrous, brown, 4-valved.

Habit:

Woody climber, up to at least 3 m tall, often flowering when leafless; stems up 5 m long, rough, ±muricate, ± densely puberulent when young, with usually retrorse ± appressed hairs to subglabrous, young stems pale brown to purplish brown, older stems greyish.

Inflorescences:

Flowers solitary or in 1–3(–several)-flowered cymes, open in the morning only; peduncle 1–3 mm long, pubescent to subglabrous; pedicels (3–)5–15 mm long, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, thickened towards the apex; bracts ovate-triangular, acute to subacute, 1–4 mm long, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, caduceus or somewhat persistent during anthesis.

Accepted name/Authority/Place of publication:

Ipomoea pogonantha Thulin in Nord. J. Bot. 23: 629–640 (2005). Type: Somalia, Bay region, 31 km S of Baidoba on Dinsor road, 2"55'N, 43"28'E, 11-12 Jun 1983, Gillett & Hemming 24675 (K holotype).

Leaves:

alternate, often clustered if on short-shoots; lamina ovate-triangular to reniform, 1–8.5 x 1–7 cm; base truncate to cordate; apex acuminate and mucronulate or cuspidate; margins entire; lower leaf surface adpressed or assurgent ± sparsely pubescent, rarely only hairy on the veins; upper surface adpressed or assurgent ± densely pubescent; petiole 0.4–3.7 cm long, sparsely to ± densely pubescent with usually retrose ± adpressed hairs.

Phenology:

Number of collections seen: 13

months

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

# flowering specimens

# fruiting specimens

References:

Demissew, S. 2006. Convolvulaceae. In: Hedberg, I., E. Kelbessa, S. Edwards, S. Demissew and E. Persson (eds.), Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, vol. 5, pp. 227–231. The National Herbarium Addis Ababa University and The Department of Systematic Botany Uppsala University; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Uppsala, Sweden.

Garcia, M.A., S. Demissew, M. Thulin. 2006. Convovulaceae. In: Thulin, M. (ed.), Flora of Somalia, vol. 3, pp. 227–228. Kew Publishing, Richmond.

Thulin, M. 2005. Notes on Convovulus, Astripomoea, Ipomoea and Merremia (Convovulaceae) from the Horn of Africa. Nordic Journal of Botany 23: 629–640.

References:

Demissew, S. 2006. Convolvulaceae. In: Hedberg, I., E. Kelbessa, S. Edwards, S. Demissew and E. Persson (eds.), Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, vol. 5, pp. 227–231. The National Herbarium Addis Ababa University and The Department of Systematic Botany Uppsala University; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Uppsala, Sweden.

Garcia, M.A., S. Demissew, M. Thulin. 2006. Convovulaceae. In: Thulin, M. (ed.), Flora of Somalia, vol. 3, pp. 227–228. Kew Publishing, Richmond.

Thulin, M. 2005. Notes on Convovulus, Astripomoea, Ipomoea and Merremia (Convovulaceae) from the Horn of Africa. Nordic Journal of Botany 23: 629–640.

Seeds:

± ovoid, c. 5 x 3 mm long, somewhat angular, black, tomentose with whitish c. 0.5 mm long hairs.

Ipomoea marmorata subsp. marmorata

Acknowledgements:

This species page was produced as part of the project ‘Expanding the scope of African Digital Plant Resources’ funded by the World Collections Programme.

Author:

Javier A. Luna

Contributors:

Distribution Map:

Author:

Sebsebe Demissew

Distribution:

Kenya, Ethiopia, Somalia.

Ecology:

Open Acacia-Commiphora woodland, grassland and wooded grassland, 900–1850m.

Editor:

Javier A Luna, Mark A. Carine, Sebsebe Demissew.

Flowers:

Sepals elliptic or ovate-oblong, 13–23 x 8–16 mm, the outer two slightly shorter than the inner ones, apex obtuse or emarginate, coriaceous, glabrous or sparsely tomentose. Corolla opening at night, white, 10–15(–16) cm long, glabrous; tube slender (8–)9–10 cm long, 6–10(–13) mm across; limb dish-shape, 7–5 cm across, margin frilly.

Fruits:

Capsule ovoid, obtuse or truncate, 22–27 x 17mm.

Habit:

Erect sub-woody shrub or straggling shrub or subshrub up to 2 m tall, often flowering when leafless; young stems tomentose, old stems glabrescent.

Inflorescences:

Flowers solitary, clustered at the apex of the shoots; peduncle 5–20 mm long; pedicels up to 5–25 mm long, very thick in fruit.

Accepted name/Authority/Place of publication:

Ipomoea marmorata subsp. marmorata

Leaves:

Lamina orbicular or reniform, entire to shallowly 3-lobed, 2–15.5 x 2.5–15.5 cm; base truncate or subcordate; apex acuminate obtuse; upper surface ± bullate, tomentose or velutinous-pubescent; lower surface with ± raised veins, densely velutinous-tomentose, occasionally only hairy on the veins; petiole 3.5–7(–8) cm long, with two glands at the top.

Phenology:

Number of collections seen: 14

months	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
# flowering specimens	1	1			3	1	2	1				3
# fruiting specimens		1						1				1

References:

Demissew, S. 2006. Convolvulaceae. In: Hedberg, I., E. Kelbessa, S. Edwards, S. Demissew and E. Persson (eds.), Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, vol. 5, pp. 227–231. The National Herbarium Addis Ababa University and The Department of Systematic Botany Uppsala University; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Uppsala, Sweden.

Verdcourt, B. 1963. Convolvulaceae. In: Hubbard, C.E. and E. Milne-Redhead (eds.), Flora of Tropical East Africa, pp. 144–145. Crown Agent for Overseas governments and administrations, London.

References:

Demissew, S. 2006. Convolvulaceae. In: Hedberg, I., E. Kelbessa, S. Edwards, S. Demissew and E. Persson (eds.), Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, vol. 5, pp. 227–231. The National Herbarium Addis Ababa University and The Department of Systematic Botany Uppsala University; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Uppsala, Sweden.

Verdcourt, B. 1963. Convolvulaceae. In: Hubbard, C.E. and E. Milne-Redhead (eds.), Flora of Tropical East Africa, pp. 144–145. Crown Agent for Overseas governments and administrations, London.

Seeds:

ovoid, 10 mm long, densely covered with purple-brown hairs about 18–22 mm long.

Ipomoea marmorata

Acknowledgements:

This species page was produced as part of the project ‘Expanding the scope of African Digital Plant Resources’ funded by the World Collections Programme.

Author:

Javier A. Luna

Contributors:

Distribution Map:

General comments:

According to Verdcourt (1963), thus species is relate to I. paolii Ciov., occurring in Kenya and Somalia, and I. longituba Hall., occurring in east Africa.It belongs to a group that needs a greatdeal of further study in the field.

Author:

Sebsebe Demissew

Distribution:

Kenya, Ethiopia, Somalia.

Ecology:

Open Acacia-Commiphora woodland, grassland and wooded grassland, over grassy areas and roadsides on limestone; 900–1850 m.

Editor:

Javier A Luna, Mark A. Carine, Sebsebe Demissew.

Flowers:

Fruits:

Capsule ovoid, obtuse or truncate, 22–27 x 17 mm.

Habit:

Erect sub-woody shrub or straggling shrub or subshrub up to 2 m tall, often flowering when leafless; young stems tomentose, old stems glabrescent.

Inflorescences:

Flowers solitary, clustered at the apex of the shoots; peduncle 5–20 mm long; pedicels up to 5–25 mm long, very thick in fruit.

Infraspecific Characters:

Two subspecies are recognised with subsp. marmorata restricted to south Ethiopia, north Kenyaand north Somalia; subsp. somalica restricted to northeast Somalia.They are distinguished by the leave apex (obtuse in subsp. marmorata vs. acute or acuminate in subsp. somalica), leave surface (± bullate in subsp. marmorata vs. not bullate in subsp. somalica) and leave indumentum (tomentose to pubescent in subsp. marmorata vs. glabrous to glabrescent insubsp. somalica).

Accepted name/Authority/Place of publication:

Ipomoea marmorata Britt. & Rendle in J.B. 34: 36 (1896): Bak. & Rendlein F.T.A. 4(2): 190 (1905); Verde. In K.B. 15: 15 (1961). Type: Kenya, Lake Stefanie, Donaldson Smith (BM, holo.)

Leaves:

Lamina orbicular or reniform, entire to shallowly 3-lobed, 2–15.5 x 2.5–15.5 cm; base truncate or subcordate; apex acute or acuminate obtuse; upper surface tomentose, velutinous-pubescent, glabrous or glabrescent, sometimes ± bullate; lower surface with raised veins, densely velutinous-tomentose or glabrescent, occasionally only hairy on the veins; petiole 3.5–7(–8) cm long, with two glands at the top.

Phenology:

Number of collections seen: 24

months	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
# flowering specimens	1	1			4	3	3	1				3
# fruiting specimens		1					1	1				1

References:

Demissew, S. 2006. Convolvulaceae. In: Hedberg, I., E. Kelbessa, S. Edwards, S. Demissew and E. Persson (eds.), Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, vol. 5, pp. 227–231. The National Herbarium Addis Ababa University and The Department of Systematic Botany Uppsala University; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Uppsala, Sweden.

Garcia, M.A., S. Demissew, M. Thulin. 2006. Convovulaceae. In: Thulin, M. (ed.), Flora of Somalia, vol. 3, pp. 227–228. Kew Publishing, Richmond.

Verdcourt, B. 1963. Convolvulaceae. In: Hubbard, C.E. and E. Milne-Redhead (eds.), Flora of Tropical East Africa, pp. 144–145. Crown Agent for Overseas governments and administrations, London.

References:

Demissew, S. 2006. Convolvulaceae. In: Hedberg, I., E. Kelbessa, S. Edwards, S. Demissew and E. Persson (eds.), Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, vol. 5, pp. 227–231. The National Herbarium Addis Ababa University and The Department of Systematic Botany Uppsala University; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Uppsala, Sweden.

Garcia, M.A., S. Demissew, M. Thulin. 2006. Convovulaceae. In: Thulin, M. (ed.), Flora of Somalia, vol. 3, pp. 227–228. Kew Publishing, Richmond.

Verdcourt, B. 1963. Convolvulaceae. In: Hubbard, C.E. and E. Milne-Redhead (eds.), Flora of Tropical East Africa, pp. 144–145. Crown Agent for Overseas governments and administrations, London.

Seeds:

Ovoid, 10 mm long, densely covered with (pale) purple-brown hairs about 18–22 mm long.

Ipomoea kituiensis var. kituiensis

Acknowledgements:

This species page was produced as part of the project ‘Expanding the scope of African Digital Plant Resources’ funded by the World Collections Programme.

Author:

Javier A. Luna

Contributors:

Distribution Map:

Author:

Javier A. Luna

Distribution:

Kenya, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Zambia.

Ecology:

Acacia-Commiphora woodland, evergreen scrub, savanna, thickets by stream and along rivers; 600–2040m.

Editor:

Javier A Luna, Mark A. Carine, Sebsebe Demissew.

Flowers:

Sepals linear-lanceolate, 10–21 x 2–4 mm, appressed velutinous to pilose. Corolla white, cream, pink to purple or rarely pale blue, centre deeper purple; infundibular, 5–8 cm long; midpetaline areas pubescent or pilose; tube narrowed below.

Fruits:

Capsule ellipsoid, 15–20 mm long.

Habit:

Suberect or twining shrub, up to 3(–6) m tall; stems with milky latex, pubescent with leaf scars prominent.

Inflorescences:

Flowers in 2.5–6(–12)-flowered branched inflorescence; peduncle 1.5–16(–20) cm long; pedicels 3–10(–20) mm long; bracts linear-lanceolate, 10–15 x 2 mm.

Accepted name/Authority/Place of publication:

Ipomoea kituiensis Vatke var. kituiensis

Leaves:

Lamina ovate to reniform, 3.5–17.5 x 3.2–17 cm; apex obtuse, apiculate, acuminate or even bilobed; base cordate; sparsely pubescent or glabrous above; finely pubescent or glabrescent below; margins sometimes pilose; petiole 1–10(–17.5) cm long.

Phenology:

Number of collections seen: 7

months

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

# flowering specimens

# fruiting specimens

References:

Demissew, S. 2006. Convolvulaceae. In: Hedberg, I., E. Kelbessa, S. Edwards, S. Demissew and E. Persson (eds.), Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, vol. 5, pp. 227–231. The National Herbarium Addis Ababa University and The Department of Systematic Botany Uppsala University; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Uppsala, Sweden.

Gonçalves, M. L. 1987. Convolvulaceae. In: Launert, E. (ed.), Flora Zambesiaca, vol. 8, part 1, pp. 123. Flora Zambesiaca Management Committee, London.

Verdcourt, B. 1963. Convolvulaceae. In: Hubbard, C.E. and E. Milne-Redhead (eds.), Flora of Tropical East Africa, pp. 144–145. Crown Agent for Overseas governments and administrations, London.

References:

Demissew, S. 2006. Convolvulaceae. In: Hedberg, I., E. Kelbessa, S. Edwards, S. Demissew and E. Persson (eds.), Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, vol. 5, pp. 227–231. The National Herbarium Addis Ababa University and The Department of Systematic Botany Uppsala University; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Uppsala, Sweden.

Gonçalves, M. L. 1987. Convolvulaceae. In: Launert, E. (ed.), Flora Zambesiaca, vol. 8, part 1, pp. 123. Flora Zambesiaca Management Committee, London.

Verdcourt, B. 1963. Convolvulaceae. In: Hubbard, C.E. and E. Milne-Redhead (eds.), Flora of Tropical East Africa, pp. 144–145. Crown Agent for Overseas governments and administrations, London.

Seeds:

ovoid, 7–9 x 5–6 mm, covered with golden hairs, 6–7 mm long along the margins, shorter in other parts.

Synonyms:

Ipomoea nykensis Hall. f. in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 28: 53 (1899). Baker & Rendle in F.T.A. 4, 2: 196 (1906)

Ipomoea tambelensis Baker in Kew Bull. 1894: 72(1894). Dammer in Engl., Pflanzenw Ost –Afr. C: 333 (1895)

Rivea kituiensis (Vatke) Hall. f. in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 18: 156 (1893)

Ipomoea hederifolia

Author:
Staples, G.
Contributors:
Distribution Map:
Common names and uses:
Common names and uses. Chingcho daeng, khruea titae (Thai).
Author:
Staples, G.
Distribution:

Native in tropical America; escaped from cultivation and now naturalized across Asia: India, Myanmar, Thailand.

Ecology:

Escaped
from cultivation and now weedy in disturbed areas, roadsides, vacant land,
thickets, secondary forests, also in dry dipterocarp forest, evergreen gallery
forest along streams, dry dipterocarp forest, deciduous forest with bamboo, on
diverse substrates: limestone, shale bedrock, and granitic bedrock; altitude:
250–1300 m.

Editor:
George Staples, Esmond Er
Flowers:
Flowers weakly zygomorphic; sepals unequal, oblong-rectangular, apex broadly obtuse or truncate with 3–4 mm long awn inserted below top, outer sepals 2–2.5 mm, inner ones longer; corolla salverform, orange-scarlet, tube 3–4.5 cm long, slightly curved, base narrowed, limb spreading, 2–2.5 cm diam., 5-toothed; stamens exserted, filaments slightly unequal, glabrous; pistil exserted, ovary glabrous.
Fruits:
Capsule globose, 5–7 mm, glabrous; septa persistent, translucent with brownish margin; fruiting sepals spreading then reflexed.
Habit:
Annual herbaceous twiner, all parts glabrous or sparsely pilose; stems, 2–5 m high.
Inflorescences:
Inflorescences axillary or terminal, few to many-flowered; peduncle 3–20 cm long; pedicels 0.5–0.7 cm long lengthening in fruit; bracts triangular, 1.5–2 mm.
Accepted name/Authority/Place of publication:

Ipomoea hederifolia L., Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 925. 1759.

Leaves:
Leaves ovate to orbicular in outline, entire or more often angulate, coarsely dentate, or obscurely 3-lobed, 3–15 by 3–10 cm, base cordate, apex acuminate, mucronulate; petiole 3–12 cm long.
Phenology:

Flowering: January, November, December; fruiting: January, February, November.

References:

Staples, G. 2010. Convolvulaceae. Fl. Thailand 10(3): 330–468.

References:

Staples, G. 2010. Convolvulaceae. Fl. Thailand 10(3): 330–468.

Seeds:
Seeds c. 4 mm long, black, pubescent.
Synonyms:

Ipomoea angulata Lam., Tabl. Enc. 1: 464. 1791; Ooststr., Blumea 3: 553. 1940; Fl. Males. I, 4: 481. 1953.

Quamoclit angulata (Lam.) Bojer, Hort. Maurit. 224. 1837.

Misapplied name: Ipomoea coccinea authors not L.: e.g., Gagnep. & Courchet in Lecomte, Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 236. 1915; Nguyen Thi Nhan in Averyanov et al., Vascular plants synopsis of Vietnamese flora. 178. 1990.

Tue, 2011-09-27 10:06 -- Esmond
Ipomoea coptica

Author:
Staples, G.
Contributors:
Distribution Map:
Author:
Staples, G.
Distribution:

Sri Lanka, India, Thailand, Australia, Africa.

Ecology:

In
sunny, often salty soils near the seacoast or in inland saline situations;
altitude: < 5 m.

Editor:
George Staples, Esmond Er
Flowers:
Flowers tiny; sepals subequal, oblong or elliptic, c. 4 mm long, minutely cuspidate, thinly coriaceous, warty outside; corolla funnelform, c. 1.2 cm long, white.
Fruits:
Capsule globose, c. 7–8 mm diam., 3-celled, glabrous.
Habit:
Annual herbaceous twiners or creepers; stems < 1 m, glabrous.
Inflorescences:
Inflorescences axillary; peduncles 1–3.5 cm long, narrowly winged; pedicels 0.4–0.5(–0.7) cm, erect at anthesis, decurved in fruit; bracts lanceolate, 1.5–3 mm long, entire or palmately laciniate.
Accepted name/Authority/Place of publication:

Ipomoea coptica (L.) Roth ex Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. 4: 208. 1819.

Leaves:
Leaves circular in outline, c. 1–3 cm long and broad, digitately divided, with 5 coarsely dentate to deeply and irregularly, 1–2× pinnatifid segments, teeth or lobes acute, middle segment the largest, 2 basal segments often 2-lobed; petiole 0.3–1.2 cm, base with pseudostipules (tiny leaves from axillary bud).
Phenology:

Flowering: March, November; fruiting: March, September, November.

References:

Staples, G. 2010. Convolvulaceae. Fl. Thailand 10(3): 330–468.

References:

Staples, G. 2010. Convolvulaceae. Fl. Thailand 10(3): 330–468.

Seeds:
Seeds 6 or fewer, c. 2.5 mm long, densely grey-tomentose.
Synonyms:

Convolvulus copticus L., Mant. Pl. Alt. 2: 559. 1771.

Ipomoea dissecta authors not (Jacq.) Hallier f.: e.g., Willd., Phytogr. 5, t. 2. 1794.

Tue, 2011-09-27 10:03 -- Esmond
Ipomoea aspera

Author:
Staples, G.
Contributors:
Distribution Map:
General comments:

Seemingly rare and known from just a few specimens, this species requires further study to verify its identity and elucidate its biology and ecological relationships. It is possible that some Chinese specimens called I. aculeata in the Flora of China, actually belong here.

The taxonomy of the indigenous Asian moon flowers (nocturnally flowering Ipomoea species) would make a fascinating study.

Author:
Staples, G.
Distribution:

Bangladesh (type), Myanmar, Thailand.

Ecology:

On steep slopes in hill evergreen forest,
shady spots, on red clay soil over limestone.

Editor:
George Staples, Esmond Er
Flowers:
Flowers nocturnal, solitary (or paired), axillary, fragrant (clove-scented); peduncle stout, 1–1.7 cm, thickened in fruit; bracts tiny scales, deciduous; pedicels clavate, 1.2–1.8 cm, longer (to 3.6 cm) and thickened in fruit; sepals very unequal, outer 2 elliptic-oblong, 9–10 mm, coriaceous, apex obtuse, inner elliptic, 13–15 mm, margins thinner, apex rounded to subemarginate, mucronulate, glabrous, all enlarged, 20–32 mm, woody, enclosing fruit; corolla salverform, white, greenish outside, tube 8–9 cm, limb 7–8 cm diam.; stamens just included in corolla mouth, filaments inserted in throat, 6–7 cm above tube base, hairy at insertion, glabrous above and below; pistil included, ovary glabrous.
Fruits:
Capsule (immature) ovoid-conical, 17–19 by 10 mm, glabrous, dark brown, apex tapering into style base (apiculate?).
Habit:
Herbaceous twiner, glabrous or nearly so; stems smooth or striate, yellowish, glabrate.
Accepted name/Authority/Place of publication:

Ipomoea aspera (Choisy) Vatke, Linnaea 43: 508. 1880–82, p.p., as to type.

Leaves:
Leaves variable, 3.8–11.6 by 4.2–9.2 cm, base cordate, blade cordiform, entire, or hastate-angulate, apex long tapering acuminate to cuspidate; petiole slender, 4–7.1 cm.
Phenology:

Flowering: September—November; fruiting: November.

References:

Staples, G. 2010. Convolvulaceae. Fl. Thailand 10(3): 330–468.

References:

Staples, G. 2010. Convolvulaceae. Fl. Thailand 10(3): 330–468.

Seeds:
Seeds (immature) oblong-trigonous, 7–8 by 3–4 mm, sides brown velvety hairy, angles yellowish hirsute with wavy, 10 mm long hairs.
Synonyms:

Calonyction asperum Choisy, Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 6: 442. 1834.

Misapplied name: Ipomoea trichosperma authors not Blume: e.g., Gagnep. & Courchet in Lecomte, Fl. Indo-Chine 4: 287. 1915; Staples et al., Thai Forest Bull. (Bot.) 33: 179. 2005.

Tue, 2011-09-27 09:34 -- Esmond

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