Operculina hamiltonii

Nomenclature

Accepted name/Authority/Place of publication: 

Operculina hamiltonii (G. Don) Austin & Staples, J. Arnold Arbor. 64(3): 487. 1983

Synonyms: 

Convolvulus alatus Hamilton, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occ. 24. 1824 (1825), nomen illegit. not C. alatus (R. Brown) Sprengel 1819 (1825). TYPE. Tobago. Scarborough, Hamilton (not seen).

Operculina alata (Hamilton) Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 343. 1902; Powell, J. Arnold Arbor. 60: 244. 1979.

Ipomoea hamiltonii G. Don, Gen. Syst. 4: 268. 1838. TYPE. Based on same type as Convolvulus alatus Hamilton.

Ipomoea alulata Miquel, Linnaea 18: 599. 1844. TYPE. Surinam. crescit prope Paramaraibo, Miquel (lectotype, U).

Ipomoea altissima Martius ex Choisy in DeCandolle, Prodr. 9: 359. 1845, not of G. Don (1838). TYPE. Brazil. Amazonas: Rio Negro, sylvis ad Japurafé [sphalm “Sapura” in protologue] Martius 881 (M).

Operculina altissima (Martius ex Choisy) Meisner in Martius, Fl. Bras. 7: 213. 1869.

Ipomoea pterodes Choisy in DeCandolle, Prodr. 9: 361. 1845. TYPE. French Guiana. Cayenne, Gabriel (holotype, G–DC).

Operculina pterodes (Choisy) Meisner in Martius, Fl. Bras. 7: 213. 1869.

Ipomoea ampliata Choisy in DeCandolle, Prodr. 9: 361. 1845. TYPE. Mexico. Campeche: "ins. oceani Pacifici." (type BM).

Operculina ampliata (Choisy) House, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 503. 1906.

Operculina pterodes f. pubescens Pilger, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 186. 1901. TYPE. Brazil. Mato Grosso: Bandeira bei Cuiabá, H. Meyer (holotype, B, not found in July 1987, probably destroyed).  

Operculina alata var. pubescens (Pilger) O'Donell, Lilloa 30: 61. 1960.

Description

Habit: 
Perennial woody vines or lianas with a tuberous root, glabrous; stems winged, the older woody portions spirally longitudinally striate, to at least 5 mm in diameter, glabrous to sparsely pubescent.
Leaves: 
Petioles winged or at least striate, glabrous, 8–35 mm long. Leaves simple, narrowly to broadly cordate, occasioally hastate, bases cordate, the sinus deep or occasionally so shallow as to give the leaf base a rounded appearance, margins entire, or with two lateral lobes separated from the median by a shallow sinus, apex acute or attenuate, lateral lobes rounded or obtuse, subglabrous to hirtellous with simple trichomes, densest along the veins on the lower blade surface, 45–90 mm long and 30–75 mm wide.
Flowers: 
Flowers axillary, solitary, rarely in few flowered cymes; peduncles striate to angulate, sometimes winged distally, glabrous, greatly exceeding the subtending petiole, 33–80 mm long; bracts two, lanceolate to ovate, base rounded, blade membranous, apex acute to attenuate, fugacious, when present in the dried state reddish brown, 7–16 mm long and 3–6.5 mm wide, glabrous; pedicels clavate, winged or angulate, glabrous, 15–25 mm long, thickening in Fruit, becoming strongly five angled; sepals equal, broadly ovate to suborbicular, basally obtuse to acute, margins thin and membranous, entire, apices rounded, obtuse or acute, mucronate, glabrous, reddish–brown in dry state, enlarging and becoming woody in Fruit, 23–30 mm long and 16–21 mm wide; corolla campanulate toothed, bright yellow, hirsute apically or all along the backs of the interplicae, otherwise glabrous, 35–52 mm long and 33–51 mm wide; stamens included, filaments adnate for 2/3 to 3/4 of their length, bearded on the attached portion, glabrous where free, anthers spirally dehiscent at maturity, yellow, 6–7 mm long; Pollen 3-colpate, smooth; style simple, filiform, to 20 mm long, stigma biglobose.
Pollen: 
Pollen 3-colpate, smooth
Fruits: 
Fruit an operculate capsule, four lobed, with a fleshy dehiscent operculum and an irregularly dehiscent endocarp, septate, two chambered, each with one or two seeds, 15–20 mm in diameter, calyx accrescent, woody, persisting in fruit
Seeds: 
Seeds four, brownish black, glabrous, globose-carinate, 5–8 mm long.
Author: 
Staples, G.W. & D.F. Austin.
References: 

Austin, D. F. & G. W. Staples. Convolvulaceae in Flora Neotropica [unpublished data]. 

Biogeography, Ecology and Natural History

Distribution Map: 
Distribution: 

Middle America, West Indies, and South America.

Author: 
Staples, G.W. & D.F. Austin.
References: 

Austin, D. F. & G. W. Staples. Convolvulaceae in Flora Neotropica [unpublished data]. 

Authorship for webpage

Editor: 
George Staples, Esmond Er
Contributors: 
Classification: 
Mon, 2011-10-03 07:56 -- Esmond
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